MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that activates AMPK through direct mitochondrial signaling and nuclear translocation under metabolic stress, whereas metformin activates AMPK indirectly by inhibiting Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and AICAR mimics AMP to trick the cell into AMPK activation
So, let's break down what this arginate version is, why it exists, and what it could mean for the future of your work
Gene expression data (human): Even without long-term outcomes data, human scalp studies show that topical GHK-Cu activates genes involved in follicle cycling within weeks of application
Disclosures: RRL reports receiving speaker honoraria from IscemaView, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Jansen, Biogen, Medtronic and Abott and advisory board honoraria from Jansen